Zeolite molecular sieves for the removal of toxins
Excerpt from:
United States Patent 20050106267
Abstract:
Medical use of natural and synthetic zeolites for treatment, prevention, and palliation in humans or animals of deleterious concentrations of ammonia, mercaptans, heavy metals and other toxins by oral administration. ……………………………………
[0121] The zeolites may be used for treating the following food-borne toxin-induced diseases: cholera, botulism and food poisoning due to Bacillus cereus and staphylococcal poisons and Escherecia coli; the followng toxic marine ingestions:
(1) paralytic shellfish poisoning from the ingestion of mussels (Mytilus edulis and Mytilus californianus), clams (Saxidomus gigantus [the Alaskan butter clam] and Mya arenaria [the “soft-shell clam”]), scallops (Placopecten magellanicus), oysters which had previous fed upon certain Gonyaulux species (which comprise the so-called “red tide”) and elaborate saxitoxin 1, neosaxitoxin 2, gonyautoxin 3, gonyautoxin 4 and gonyautoxin 5;
(2) pufferfish poisoning (“fugu” in Japan, tambore puffer in China); and
(3) ciguatera, from certain fish (such as barracuda, amberjack, kingfish and dolfin) exposed to the benthic dinoflagellate Gambierdiscus toxicus; and minimization, mitigation and treatment of any one of the several sydromes arising from the ingestion of toxic mushrooms including stages I, II and III gastroenteritis and hepatorenal syndrome, the anti-cholinergic syndrome, delayed gastroenteritis with CNS abnormalities, cholinergic syndrome, the disulfiram-like reaction with alcohol, hallucinations, delayed gastritis and renal failure and the general gastroenteritis syndromes of nausea, vomiting, abdominal cramping and diarrhea; binding of one or more of the following mushroom poisonous substances including the cyclopeptides amatoxins and phallotoxins, muscimol, ibotenic acid [2552-55-8], gyromitrin monomethyl hydrazine, muscarine, coprine, indole species, orelline, orellanine, psilocin, psilocybin; for one or more of several different mushroom species including Amanita muscaria (also known as “fly agaric”),pantherina, gemata, cokeri, cothurnata, phalloides (also known as the “death cap”), verna (also known as the “death angel”), virosa (also known as the “destroying angel”), bisporigera, ocreata, suballiacae, tenuifolia; Galerina autumnaluis, marginata, venerata; Lepiota helveola, vosse-randii, Conocybe filaris, Gyromitra esculenta (also known as the “false morel”), gigas, ambigua, infula, cardiniana, brunnea; Paxina species; Sarcosphera coronaria; Boletus calopus, luridus, pulcherimus, satanas; Clitocybe clavipes, cerrusata, dealbata, illudens, riuulosa; Inocybe fastigiata, geophylla, lilocina, patuoillaridi, purica, rimosis; Psilocybe cubensis, caerulescens, cyanescens, baeocystis, fimentaria, mexicana, pellulolosa, semilanceata, silvatica; Conocybe cyanopus; Gymnopilus aeruginosa, spectabilis, validipes; Panaeolus subbalteatus andfoenisecii (also known as the “mowers’ mushroom”); Stropharis coronillal; Cortinarius orellanus, speciosissimus, splendoma, gentilis; Chlorophyllum molybdites; and Orphalates illudens (also known as the “jack-o-lantern” mushroom).